The ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas has created a dire humanitarian situation in Gaza, exacerbated by repeated military confrontations. Most recently, in May 2021, an eleven-day conflict resulted in significant destruction across the Gaza Strip, with thousands of homes and infrastructure severely damaged or destroyed.
This conflict was preceded by escalating tensions in East Jerusalem, particularly around the Al-Aqsa Mosque, which saw violent clashes between Israeli police and Palestinian protesters. The situation was further inflamed by the eviction of Palestinian families from the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood, leading to widespread protests and international condemnation.
Oxfam has released a report estimating that the reconstruction of Gaza could cost as much as $71.4 billion, highlighting the extensive damage inflicted during previous conflicts.
The report, co-authored with the Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute and the Palestine Trade Centre, emphasizes that the destruction in Gaza has not only been physical but has also eradicated an entire social and economic world built over generations.
Amitabh Behar, Oxfam's international executive director, noted that Gaza has never been allowed to finish rebuilding, underscoring the ongoing humanitarian crisis. Mohammad Skaik, PalTrade’s Gaza program manager, stated that only Palestinians can rebuild their territory, framing the reconstruction as a matter of rights and reparations rather than charity.
The report also critiques foreign-led reconstruction plans, arguing that they would serve as a form of control over Palestinian lives rather than genuinely addressing their needs. Oxfam's assessment includes recovery needs from past conflicts, estimating that the costs from the wars in 2008-2009, 2014, and 2021 alone were around $10 billion at today’s exchange rate.
This report comes amid ongoing discussions about the humanitarian situation in Gaza, as the region continues to face significant challenges in recovery and rebuilding efforts.
Left- and right-leaning outlets are covering this story differently — in which facts to emphasize, which context to include, and how to frame causes and consequences.